CVE-2021-26855

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 9.8 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2021-11-03), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8 retained for reference. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild

Also known asEUVD-2021-13639 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at low mission impact
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: >99.9%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: Metasploit · other public PoCExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
99
EG Risk 99/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation100% × 40%
Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Attend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it sooner than your standard update timelines at low mission impact and as soon as possible at medium or high.
EPSS PROB
>99.9%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
>99.9% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Act at medium mission impactAttend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 3 days & forensic triage if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Attend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.

A fix is available. Apply it sooner than your standard update timelines at low mission impact and as soon as possible at medium or high.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 3 days & forensic triage if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

CISA required action“Apply updates per vendor instructions.”

Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/ed-21-02-mitigate-microsoft-exchange-premises-product-vulnerabilities · https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-26855

Published

March 3, 2021

Last Modified

August 19, 2026

Advisory Details (7)

Auto-updated Oct 29, 2026
⚠️ Actively exploited (CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment). Patch available. Sources: microsoft, cisa.

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2021-26855(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 21× in last 7d / 170× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 1,723 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 1,623 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 13:37 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-11-02 13:37 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-02 13:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  4. 2026-11-01 15:18 UTCVendor advisory
  5. 2026-11-01 15:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  6. 2026-10-31 16:58 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-31 16:58 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-31 16:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  9. 2026-10-30 18:40 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-30 18:40 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-10-30 18:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  12. 2026-10-29 20:21 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-29 20:21 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-10-29 20:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  15. 2026-10-28 22:03 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-28 22:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  17. 2026-10-27 23:44 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-27 23:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  19. 2026-10-27 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS >99.9% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-10-27 01:25 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-27 01:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  22. 2026-10-26 03:04 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-10-26 03:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  24. 2026-10-25 18:31 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-25 04:46 UTCEG score recompute
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-25 04:46 UTCVendor advisory
  2. 2026-10-25 04:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  3. 2026-10-24 06:28 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-24 06:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  5. 2026-10-23 08:09 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-23 08:09 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-23 08:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  8. 2026-10-22 09:48 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-22 09:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  10. 2026-10-21 11:27 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-21 11:27 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-21 11:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-10-20 13:09 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-20 13:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  15. 2026-10-19 14:46 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-19 14:46 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-10-19 14:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  18. 2026-10-18 16:26 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-10-18 16:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  20. 2026-10-18 09:06 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-17 19:13 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-17 19:13 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-10-17 19:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  24. 2026-10-16 20:55 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-16 20:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  26. 2026-10-15 22:34 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-10-15 22:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  28. 2026-10-15 00:14 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-10-15 00:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  30. 2026-10-14 01:55 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-10-14 01:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  32. 2026-10-13 03:35 UTCVendor advisory
  33. 2026-10-13 03:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  34. 2026-10-12 19:20 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-10-12 05:16 UTCVendor advisory
  36. 2026-10-12 05:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  37. 2026-10-12 01:23 UTCVendor advisory
  38. 2026-10-12 01:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  39. 2026-10-11 21:34 UTCEG score recompute
  40. 2026-10-11 21:33 UTCVendor advisory
  41. 2026-10-11 21:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  42. 2026-10-11 17:45 UTCEG score recompute
  43. 2026-10-11 17:45 UTCVendor advisory
  44. 2026-10-11 17:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  45. 2026-10-11 13:52 UTCEG score recompute
  46. 2026-10-11 13:52 UTCVendor advisory
  47. 2026-10-11 13:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  48. 2026-10-11 10:02 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-10-11 10:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  50. 2026-10-11 06:13 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-10-11 06:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  52. 2026-10-11 02:24 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-10-11 02:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  54. 2026-10-10 22:32 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-10-10 22:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  56. 2026-10-10 18:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  57. 2026-10-10 14:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  58. 2026-10-10 11:04 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-10-10 11:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  60. 2026-10-10 07:15 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-10-10 07:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  62. 2026-10-10 03:25 UTCVendor advisory
  63. 2026-10-10 03:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  64. 2026-10-09 23:35 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-10-09 23:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  66. 2026-10-09 19:45 UTCVendor advisory
  67. 2026-10-09 19:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  68. 2026-10-09 15:55 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-10-09 15:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  70. 2026-10-09 12:06 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-10-09 12:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  72. 2026-10-09 08:15 UTCVendor advisory
  73. 2026-10-09 08:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  74. 2026-10-09 04:25 UTCVendor advisory
  75. 2026-10-09 04:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6784-2mh5-cq56 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8

Publicly available exploits

(25 references, 10 shown)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (3 Metasploit modules, 4 Exploit-DB entries, 16 GitHub PoCs), as are 1 Nuclei detection template, 1 GitHub checker repository. A detection template checks whether a system is affected; it is not necessarily exploit code. A GitHub repository named or described as a checker or scanner checks whether a system is affected; it is not necessarily exploit code. Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly.

  • Metasploitauxiliary/gather/exchange_proxylogon_collector✓ verified
    Published Mar 23, 2021

    Microsoft Exchange ProxyLogon Collector

    Open source ↗
  • Metasploitauxiliary/scanner/http/exchange_proxylogon✓ verified
    Published Mar 23, 2021

    Microsoft Exchange ProxyLogon Scanner

    Open source ↗
  • Metasploitexploit/windows/http/exchange_proxylogon_rce✓ verified
    Published Mar 23, 2021

    Exchange Server SSRF + post-auth RCE chain. Authentic Metasploit implementation.

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCssrsec/Microsoft-Exchange-RCE
    Published Feb 2, 2023

    Microsoft Exchange CVE-2021-26855&CVE-2021-27065

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCkh4sh3i/ProxyLogon
    Published Jun 27, 2022

    ProxyLogon (CVE-2021-26855+CVE-2021-27065) Exchange Server RCE (SSRF->GetWebShell)

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCthau0x01/poc_proxylogon
    Published Dec 4, 2021

    Microsoft Exchange ProxyLogon PoC (CVE-2021-26855)

    Open source ↗
  • Exploit-DBEDB-49895
    Published May 21, 2021

    Microsoft Exchange 2019 - Unauthenticated Email Download (Metasploit)

    Open source ↗
  • Exploit-DBEDB-49879
    Published May 18, 2021

    Microsoft Exchange 2019 - Unauthenticated Email Download

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoChosch3n/ProxyVulns
    Published Apr 14, 2021

    [ProxyLogon] CVE-2021-26855 & CVE-2021-27065 Fixed RawIdentity Bug Exploit. [ProxyOracle] CVE-2021-31195 & CVE-2021-31196 Exploit Chains. [ProxyShell] CVE-2021-34473 & CVE-2021-34523 & CVE-2021-31207 Exploit Chains.

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCFlangvik/SharpProxyLogon
    Published Mar 29, 2021

    C# POC for CVE-2021-26855 aka ProxyLogon, supports the classically semi-interactive web shell as well as shellcode injection

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2021-26855?
CVE-2021-26855 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on March 3, 2021. Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
When was CVE-2021-26855 made public?
CVE-2021-26855 was made public on March 2, 2021: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Microsoft Corporation, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on March 3, 2021. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of August 19, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2021-26855 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2021-26855 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on November 3, 2021, affecting Microsoft Exchange Server. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. A fix is available. Apply it.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-26855?
CVE-2021-26855 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
Which products are affected by CVE-2021-26855?
CVE-2021-26855 affects Microsoft Exchange Server.
How do I remediate CVE-2021-26855?
A fix for CVE-2021-26855 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2021-26855 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2021-26855

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