In PostgreSQL 9.3 through 11.2, the "COPY TO/FROM PROGRAM" function allows superusers and users in the 'pg_execute_server_program' group to execute arbitrary code in the context of the database's operating system user. This functionality is enabled by default and can be abused to run arbitrary operating system commands on Windows, Linux, and macOS. NOTE: Third parties claim/state this is not an issue because PostgreSQL functionality for ‘COPY TO/FROM PROGRAM’ is acting as intended. References state that in PostgreSQL, a superuser can execute commands as the server user without using the ‘COPY FROM PROGRAM’.
CVE-2019-9193
“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.
Score elevated to 9.0 because EPSS predicted 92% probability of exploitation within the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs) when EchelonGraph scored this CVE. NVD baseline CVSS 7.2 retained for reference. Confidence: see factors.
Also known asEUVD-2019-18570 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 92%
- Public exploit code is available (Metasploit, Exploit-DB, marked verified by Exploit-DB, other public proof-of-concept code)
No fix has been recorded since the CVE record was published in 2019 — if the vendor still supports the product, apply the fixed version it names; if not, isolate the affected system (restrict network access to it, for example with a firewall, or keep it off the internet) or retire the product.
The CVE record's description, written by its CNA (MITRE Corporation), states the affected versions: "In PostgreSQL 9.3 through 11.2, the "COPY TO/FROM PROGRAM" function allows superusers and users in the 'pg_execute_server_program' group to execute arbitrary code in the context of the database's operating system user." No release containing a fix is confirmed on record.
- CVSS v3
- 7.2
- EG Score
- 9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
- EG Risk
- 69EG Risk 69/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity72% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.2 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation92% × 40%FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: No fix has been recorded since the CVE record was published in 2019. If the vendor still supports the product, apply the fixed version it names within your standard update timelines; if it no longer does, isolate the affected system (restrict network access to it, for example with a firewall, or keep it off the internet) on your normal schedule, or retire the product. - EPSS PROB
- 92%
- EPSS %ILE
- 99th
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is EPSS's lift toward 9.0 from its impact severity (EG Severity, CVSS 7.2 HIGH): a likelihood of exploitation, not impact.
- EG Severity
- 7.2 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
- EG Likelihood
- 92% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-02). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says. In the directive's words, “Fix on system upgrade” means that, “unless conditions change”, the vulnerability “should be remediated the next time the vulnerable asset receives a scheduled major upgrade or rebuild”: its timelines are “dynamic as facts change”, and a KEV listing shortens them.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
No fix has been recorded since the CVE record was published in 2019. If the vendor still supports the product, apply the fixed version it names within your standard update timelines; if it no longer does, isolate the affected system (restrict network access to it, for example with a firewall, or keep it off the internet) on your normal schedule, or retire the product.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says. In the directive's words, “Fix on system upgrade” means that, “unless conditions change”, the vulnerability “should be remediated the next time the vulnerable asset receives a scheduled major upgrade or rebuild”: its timelines are “dynamic as facts change”, and a KEV listing shortens them.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
April 1, 2019
Last Modified
November 21, 2024
Advisory Details (6)
Auto-updated Oct 14, 2026Packet Storm
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/166540/PostgreSQL-11.7-Remote-Code-Execution.htmlPacket Storm
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/152757/PostgreSQL-COPY-FROM-PROGRAM-Command-Execution.htmlPostgres 9.3 feature highlight - COPY TO/FROM PROGRAM
https://paquier.xyz/postgresql-2/postgres-9-3-feature-highlight-copy-tofrom-program/When a vulnerability is not a vulnerability - Magnus Hagander's blog
https://blog.hagander.net/when-a-vulnerability-is-not-a-vulnerability-244/Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 16× in last 7d / 51× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 7 repeat rows among the latest 93 are merged into the row they repeat.
- 2026-11-02 17:19 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-11-02 17:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-11-01 15:43 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-11-01 15:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-31 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-31 14:07 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-31 14:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-30 12:29 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-30 12:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-29 10:53 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-29 10:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-28 09:07 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-28 09:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-27 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-27 06:57 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-27 06:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-26 02:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-25 18:55 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-25 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-25 00:28 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-25 00:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-23 22:52 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-23 22:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-22 21:02 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-22 21:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
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- 2026-10-22 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-21 19:26 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-21 19:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-20 17:48 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-20 17:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-19 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-19 16:11 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-19 16:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-18 14:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-18 09:40 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-17 12:55 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 12:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-16 11:18 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-16 11:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-15 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-15 09:40 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-15 09:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-14 05:52 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-14 05:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-13 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-13 01:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-10-12 19:51 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-12 00:14 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-09 20:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-03 14:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-30 10:29 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-24 13:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-22 14:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-21 20:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-17 19:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-15 03:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-06 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-05 15:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-27 14:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-19 17:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-18 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-12 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-07-30 16:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-07-28 15:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-07-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-07-23 14:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-07-23 01:47 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-22 22:30 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-22 14:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-07-15 16:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-07-07 13:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-07-06 16:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-07-05 02:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-06-28 04:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-06-23 21:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-06-15 17:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
- 2026-06-12 23:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 94% · 99th percentile
- 2026-06-10 13:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 94% · 99th percentile
- 2026-06-02 20:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 94% · 99th percentile
- 2026-05-31 22:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 94% · 99th percentile
- 2026-05-27 21:12 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-05-27 21:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j83j-hfqj-cf5p · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
- 2026-05-27 13:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
- 2026-05-25 08:16 UTCOSV refresh
Publicly available exploits
(6 references)Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (1 Metasploit module, 1 Exploit-DB entry, 3 GitHub PoCs), as is 1 Nuclei detection template. A detection template checks whether a system is affected; it is not necessarily exploit code. No fix has been recorded since the CVE record was published in 2019. If the vendor still supports the product, apply the fixed version it names; if it no longer does, isolate the affected system or retire the product.
- Exploit-DBEDB-46813✓ verifiedPublished May 8, 2019
PostgreSQL 9.3 - COPY FROM PROGRAM Command Execution (Metasploit)
Open source ↗ - Metasploitexploit/multi/postgres/postgres_copy_from_program_cmd_exec✓ verifiedPublished May 7, 2019
PostgreSQL COPY FROM PROGRAM Command Execution
Open source ↗ - GitHub PoCgeniuszly/CVE-2019-9193Published Oct 6, 2024
is a PoC tool designed to exploit an authenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in specific versions of PostgreSQL (9.3 - 11.7)
Open source ↗ - Nucleijavascript/cves/2019/CVE-2019-9193.yamlPublished Apr 5, 2024
PostgreSQL 9.3-12.3 Authenticated Remote Code Execution
Open source ↗ - GitHub PoCb4keSn4ke/CVE-2019-9193Published Mar 29, 2022
CVE-2019–9193 - PostgreSQL 9.3-12.3 Authenticated Remote Code Execution
Open source ↗ - GitHub PoCwkjung0624/cve-2019-9193Published Feb 12, 2020
PostgreSQL Remote Code Executuon
Open source ↗
Related CVEs(same CWE)
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2019-9193?
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What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-9193?
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Dependency Blast Radius
Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2019-9193
Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2019-9193?
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