CVE-2019-8605

CRITICALNVD 7.89.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2022-06-27), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 7.8 retained for reference. The 9.0 is the floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: this CVE's impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 7.8 HIGH under GitHub Security Advisory CVSS. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild

Also known asEUVD-2019-17995 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at low or medium mission impact
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 18%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: Exploit-DB (verified) · other public PoCExposed services: Not assessed

The CVE record names the fixed release — apply it.

A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in iOS 12.3, macOS Mojave 10.14.5, tvOS 12.3, watchOS 5.2.1. A malicious application may be able to execute arbitrary code with system privileges.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
75
EG Risk 75/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity78% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation100% × 40%
Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Attend at medium and Act at high mission impact.
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low, sooner than that at medium and as soon as possible at high mission impact.
EPSS PROB
18%
EPSS %ILE
97th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is the CISA KEV floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: its impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 7.8 HIGH.

EG Severity
7.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
18% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-02). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Attend at medium mission impactTrack at low, Attend at medium and Act at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Attend at medium and Act at high mission impact.

The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low, sooner than that at medium and as soon as possible at high mission impact.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

CISA required action“Apply updates per vendor instructions.”

Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-8605

Published

December 18, 2019

Last Modified

October 23, 2025

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Oct 26, 2026
⚠️ Actively exploited (CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment). Fix named in the CVE record. Sources: cisa.
CISA🔴 Active Exploitation

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA. Listed in CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2019-8605
Web page

About the security content of watchOS 5.2.1 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/HT210122
Web page

About the security content of tvOS 12.3 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/HT210120
Web page

About the security content of macOS Mojave 10.14.5, Security Update 2019-003 High Sierra, Security Update 2019-003 Sierra - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/HT210119
Web page

About the security content of iOS 12.3 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/HT210118

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 21× in last 7d / 129× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 1,074 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 974 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 20:35 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-11-02 20:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  3. 2026-11-01 22:09 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-11-01 22:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  5. 2026-10-31 23:42 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-31 23:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  7. 2026-10-31 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  8. 2026-10-31 01:17 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-31 01:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  10. 2026-10-30 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  11. 2026-10-30 02:52 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-30 02:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  13. 2026-10-29 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  14. 2026-10-29 04:27 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-29 04:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  16. 2026-10-28 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  17. 2026-10-28 06:02 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-28 06:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  19. 2026-10-27 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  20. 2026-10-27 07:37 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-27 07:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  22. 2026-10-26 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  23. 2026-10-26 09:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  24. 2026-10-25 18:56 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-25 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-25 10:45 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-25 10:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  3. 2026-10-24 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  4. 2026-10-24 12:20 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-24 12:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  6. 2026-10-23 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  7. 2026-10-23 13:54 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-23 13:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  9. 2026-10-22 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  10. 2026-10-22 15:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  11. 2026-10-21 17:04 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-21 17:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  13. 2026-10-21 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  14. 2026-10-20 18:36 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-20 18:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  16. 2026-10-20 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  17. 2026-10-19 20:11 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-19 20:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  19. 2026-10-19 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  20. 2026-10-18 21:46 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-18 21:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  22. 2026-10-18 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  23. 2026-10-18 09:41 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-17 23:21 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-17 23:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  26. 2026-10-17 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  27. 2026-10-17 00:55 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-10-17 00:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  29. 2026-10-16 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  30. 2026-10-16 02:28 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-10-16 02:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  32. 2026-10-15 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  33. 2026-10-15 04:01 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-10-15 04:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  35. 2026-10-14 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  36. 2026-10-14 05:34 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-10-14 05:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  38. 2026-10-13 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  39. 2026-10-13 07:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  40. 2026-10-12 19:51 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-10-12 08:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  42. 2026-10-12 04:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  43. 2026-10-11 23:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  44. 2026-10-11 19:32 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-10-11 19:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  46. 2026-10-11 15:11 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-10-11 15:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  48. 2026-10-11 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  49. 2026-10-11 10:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  50. 2026-10-11 06:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  51. 2026-10-11 02:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  52. 2026-10-10 21:44 UTCEG score recompute
  53. 2026-10-10 21:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  54. 2026-10-10 19:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  55. 2026-10-10 17:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  56. 2026-10-10 12:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  57. 2026-10-10 08:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  58. 2026-10-10 04:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  59. 2026-10-09 23:58 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-10-09 23:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  61. 2026-10-09 20:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  62. 2026-10-09 19:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  63. 2026-10-09 15:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  64. 2026-10-09 10:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  65. 2026-10-09 06:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  66. 2026-10-09 02:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  67. 2026-10-08 21:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  68. 2026-10-08 17:33 UTCEG score recompute
  69. 2026-10-08 17:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  70. 2026-10-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 18% · 97th percentile
  71. 2026-10-08 13:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  72. 2026-10-08 08:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  73. 2026-10-08 04:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  74. 2026-10-08 00:09 UTCEG score recompute
  75. 2026-10-08 00:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rv43-fj24-7hpc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8

Publicly available exploits

(2 references)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (2 Exploit-DB entries). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly.

  • Exploit-DBEDB-46892✓ verified
    Published May 21, 2019

    Apple macOS < 10.14.5 / iOS < 12.3 XNU - 'in6_pcbdetach' Stale Pointer Use-After-Free

    Open source ↗
  • Exploit-DBEDB-47409
    Published Sep 23, 2019

    iOS < 12.4.1 - 'Jailbreak' Local Privilege Escalation

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2019-8605?
CVE-2019-8605 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on December 18, 2019. A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in iOS 12.3, macOS Mojave 10.14.5, tvOS 12.3, watchOS 5.2.1. A malicious application may be able to execute arbitrary code with system privileges.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2019-8605 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2019-8605 was published on December 18, 2019. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 23, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2019-8605 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2019-8605 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on June 27, 2022, affecting Apple Multiple Products. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-8605?
CVE-2019-8605 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0 (CRITICAL).
Which products are affected by CVE-2019-8605?
CVE-2019-8605 affects Apple Multiple Products.
How do I remediate CVE-2019-8605?
The CVE record for CVE-2019-8605 names the fix: "This issue is fixed in iOS 12.3, macOS Mojave 10.14.5, tvOS 12.3, watchOS 5.2.1."

Dependency Blast Radius

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