CVE-2019-5477

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 5.9%, top 8% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Trending — 3 sources updated this week
9.8
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 6%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

A command injection vulnerability in Nokogiri v1.10.3 and earlier allows commands to be executed in a subprocess via Ruby's Kernel.open method. Processes are vulnerable only if the undocumented method Nokogiri::CSS::Tokenizer#load_file is being called with unsafe user input as the filename. This vulnerability appears in code generated by the Rexical gem versions v1.0.6 and earlier. Rexical is used by Nokogiri to generate lexical scanner code for parsing CSS queries. The underlying vulnerability was addressed in Rexical v1.0.7 and Nokogiri upgraded to this version of Rexical in Nokogiri v1.10.4.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8(medium)
EPSS
92.4%
KEV
Not listed

Published

August 16, 2019

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Jun 2, 2026
Patch available.
generic

CVE-2019-5477 - Nokogiri Command Injection Vulnerability · Issue #1915 · sparklemotion/nokogiri · GitHub

https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1915
generic

Nokogiri: Command injection (GLSA 202006-05) — Gentoo security

https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202006-05
generic Patch Available

[SECURITY] [DLA 3150-1] rexical security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/10/msg00019.html
generic Patch Available

[SECURITY] [DLA 3149-1] ruby-nokogiri security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/10/msg00018.html
generic Patch Available

[SECURITY] [DLA 1933-1] ruby-nokogiri security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/09/msg00027.html

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubunturuby-nokogiri (1.6.7.2-3ubuntu0.1) @ xenial2026-05-27ubuntu

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(2 across 1 ecosystem)
RubyGems(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
nokogiri1.0.0 ... 1.9.1 (113 versions)1.10.4—
rexical1.0.3, 1.0.4, 1.0.5, 1.0.5.beta1, 1.0.5.beta21.0.7—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(1)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 13× in last 7d / 45× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-07-22 22:27 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-07-22 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-21 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-21 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-20 17:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-20 09:02 UTCOSV refresh
  7. 2026-07-19 14:28 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-07-07 13:43 UTCEPSS rescore
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  7. 2026-07-04 06:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-03 04:05 UTCOSV refresh
  9. 2026-07-01 15:03 UTCEPSS rescore
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  25. 2026-06-21 01:57 UTCEPSS rescore
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  27. 2026-06-19 19:23 UTCEPSS rescore
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  29. 2026-06-18 17:50 UTCEPSS rescore
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  33. 2026-06-15 17:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-06-14 20:13 UTCOSV refresh
  35. 2026-06-13 22:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-12 23:09 UTCEPSS rescore
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  38. 2026-06-11 13:58 UTCEPSS rescore
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  41. 2026-06-10 13:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-08 14:15 UTCEPSS rescore
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  45. 2026-06-07 15:23 UTCEPSS rescore
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  47. 2026-06-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-05 22:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-06-05 06:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-06-04 13:10 UTCEPSS rescore
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  53. 2026-06-02 20:11 UTCEPSS rescore
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  55. 2026-06-01 13:50 UTCEPSS rescore
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  57. 2026-05-31 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
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  61. 2026-05-29 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
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  63. 2026-05-28 13:43 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-05-27 15:50 UTCEG score recompute
  65. 2026-05-27 15:50 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-05-27 13:39 UTCEPSS rescore
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  72. 2026-05-25 10:16 UTCOSV refresh
  73. 2026-05-24 16:47 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same vendor + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2019-5477?
CVE-2019-5477 is a critical vulnerability published on August 16, 2019. A command injection vulnerability in Nokogiri v1.10.3 and earlier allows commands to be executed in a subprocess via Ruby's Kernel.open method. Processes are vulnerable only if the undocumented method Nokogiri::CSS::Tokenizer#load_file is being called with unsafe user input as the filename. This…
When was CVE-2019-5477 disclosed?
CVE-2019-5477 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on August 16, 2019, with the most recent update on November 21, 2024. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2019-5477 actively exploited?
CVE-2019-5477 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 92.4% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-5477?
CVE-2019-5477 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2019-5477?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2019-5477, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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