CVE-2018-12544

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 2.2%, top 20% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Trending — 3 sources updated this week
9.8
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 2%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In version from 3.5.Beta1 to 3.5.3 of Eclipse Vert.x, the OpenAPI XML type validator creates XML parsers without taking appropriate defense against XML attacks. This mechanism is exclusively when the developer uses the Eclipse Vert.x OpenAPI XML type validator to validate a provided schema.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8(medium)
EPSS
80.4%
KEV
Not listed

Published

October 10, 2018

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated May 24, 2026
Patch available. Sources: redhat.
generic
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rd0e44e8ef71eeaaa3cf3d1b8b41eb25894372e2995ec908ce7624d26%40%3Ccommits.pulsar.apache.org%3E
generic

API Validation XML Schemas do not forbid file system access (XXE) · Issue #1021 · vert-x3/vertx-web · GitHub

https://github.com/vert-x3/vertx-web/issues/1021
generic

539568 – (CVE-2018-12544) The OpenAPI XML type validator creates XML parsers without taking appropriate defense against XML attacks

https://bugs.eclipse.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=539568
redhat Patch Available
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:2946

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
redhatvertx-web2018-10-18redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Maven(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
io.vertx:vertx-core3.5.0 ... 3.5.3.CR1 (8 versions)3.5.4—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(1)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 42× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-07-22 22:13 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-07-22 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-21 15:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-21 04:33 UTCOSV refresh
  5. 2026-07-20 17:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-20 17:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-19 14:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-19 02:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-19 02:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-16 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-16 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-15 16:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-15 01:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-13 22:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-13 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-12 05:43 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-11 08:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-09 19:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-08 15:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-07 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-07 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-06 16:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-06 16:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-06 02:20 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-05 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 69 more
  1. 2026-07-04 06:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-03 23:56 UTCOSV refresh
  3. 2026-07-02 16:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-01 15:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-01 15:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-06-30 23:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-06-30 23:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-06-29 14:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-06-28 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-06-28 04:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-06-28 04:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-06-27 03:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-06-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-06-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-06-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-06-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-06-23 21:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-06-21 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-06-21 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-06-21 01:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-06-21 01:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-06-19 19:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-18 17:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-18 17:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-17 17:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-17 17:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-16 17:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-16 17:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-15 17:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-15 11:43 UTCOSV refresh
  31. 2026-06-14 23:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-06-14 23:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-06-13 22:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-06-13 22:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-06-12 23:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-11 13:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-06-10 22:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-06-10 13:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-06-08 14:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-06-08 14:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-07 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-07 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-05 22:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-05 22:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-05 06:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-05 06:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-04 13:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-06-04 13:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-06-02 20:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-06-02 20:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-06-01 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-05-31 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-05-31 22:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-05-31 00:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-05-31 00:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-05-29 13:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-05-28 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-05-28 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-05-28 02:15 UTCEG score recompute
  62. 2026-05-28 02:15 UTCVendor advisory
  63. 2026-05-27 13:38 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-05-27 13:38 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-05-27 03:14 UTCOSV refresh
  66. 2026-05-26 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-05-26 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-05-26 07:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-05-26 07:17 UTCEPSS rescore

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2018-12544?
CVE-2018-12544 is a critical vulnerability published on October 10, 2018. In version from 3.5.Beta1 to 3.5.3 of Eclipse Vert.x, the OpenAPI XML type validator creates XML parsers without taking appropriate defense against XML attacks. This mechanism is exclusively when the developer uses the Eclipse Vert.x OpenAPI XML type validator to validate a provided schema.
When was CVE-2018-12544 disclosed?
CVE-2018-12544 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on October 10, 2018, with the most recent update on November 21, 2024. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2018-12544 actively exploited?
CVE-2018-12544 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 80.4% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2018-12544?
CVE-2018-12544 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2018-12544?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2018-12544, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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