CVE-2018-11776

HIGHNVD 8.19.0▲
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2021-11-03), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 8.1 retained for reference. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: cisa_kev, epss, nvd
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild
8.1
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV)
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS: 100%CVSS: 8.1Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Apache Struts versions 2.3 to 2.3.34 and 2.5 to 2.5.16 suffer from possible Remote Code Execution when alwaysSelectFullNamespace is true (either by user or a plugin like Convention Plugin) and then: results are used with no namespace and in same time, its upper package have no or wildcard namespace and similar to results, same possibility when using url tag which doesn't have value and action set and in same time, its upper package have no or wildcard namespace.

CVSS v3
8.1
EG Score
9.0(high)
EPSS
100.0%
KEV
⚠ Exploited

Published

August 22, 2018

Last Modified

October 27, 2025

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Jun 3, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

GitHub - hook-s3c/CVE-2018-11776-Python-PoC: Working Python test and PoC for CVE-2018-11776, includes Docker lab · GitHub

https://github.com/hook-s3c/CVE-2018-11776-Python-PoC
generic

S2-057 - Apache Struts 2 Wiki - Apache Software Foundation

https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-057
generic
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041888
generic
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041547
generic
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105125
generic

Packet Storm

http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172830/Apache-Struts-Remote-Code-Execution.html

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Maven(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
org.apache.struts:struts2-core2.5 ... 2.5.8 (12 versions)2.5.17—

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 5× in last 7d / 19× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-07-21 14:37 UTCCISA KEV update
  2. 2026-07-17 10:16 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-07-16 17:04 UTCCISA KEV update
  4. 2026-07-16 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-16 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-15 16:49 UTCCISA KEV update
  7. 2026-07-15 15:04 UTCCISA KEV update
  8. 2026-07-14 18:05 UTCCISA KEV update
  9. 2026-07-13 17:07 UTCCISA KEV update
  10. 2026-07-10 17:52 UTCCISA KEV update
  11. 2026-07-07 19:01 UTCCISA KEV update
  12. 2026-07-07 17:16 UTCCISA KEV update
  13. 2026-07-01 19:16 UTCCISA KEV update
  14. 2026-06-29 19:12 UTCCISA KEV update
  15. 2026-06-28 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-06-25 19:15 UTCCISA KEV update
  17. 2026-06-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-06-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-06-23 17:44 UTCCISA KEV update
  20. 2026-06-18 16:13 UTCCISA KEV update
  21. 2026-06-16 19:33 UTCCISA KEV update
  22. 2026-06-15 19:33 UTCCISA KEV update
  23. 2026-06-15 17:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-12 17:35 UTCCISA KEV update
  25. 2026-06-11 19:10 UTCCISA KEV update
Show 17 more
  1. 2026-06-11 13:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-06-09 18:42 UTCCISA KEV update
  3. 2026-06-09 17:12 UTCCISA KEV update
  4. 2026-06-08 19:16 UTCCISA KEV update
  5. 2026-06-08 17:26 UTCCISA KEV update
  6. 2026-06-05 22:43 UTCCISA KEV update
  7. 2026-06-03 19:09 UTCCISA KEV update
  8. 2026-06-02 20:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-06-02 20:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-06-02 18:32 UTCCISA KEV update
  11. 2026-06-01 20:42 UTCCISA KEV update
  12. 2026-05-29 22:20 UTCCISA KEV update
  13. 2026-05-27 20:35 UTCCISA KEV update
  14. 2026-05-26 19:24 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-05-26 19:13 UTCCISA KEV update
  16. 2026-05-26 07:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-05-26 07:17 UTCEPSS rescore

Publicly available exploits

(10 references)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (7 GitHub PoCs) (3 Exploit-DB entries). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • GitHub PoCarlyone/Apache-Struts-0Day-Exploit
    First seen Oct 10, 2019

    Critical Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2018-11776) Found in Apache Struts.

    Open source ↗
  • Exploit-DBEDB-45367✓ verified
    First seen Sep 10, 2018

    Apache Struts 2 - Namespace Redirect OGNL Injection (Metasploit)

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoC649/Apache-Struts-Shodan-Exploit
    First seen Aug 29, 2018

    This tool takes advantage of CVE-2018-11776 and Shodan to perform mass exploitation of verified and vulnerable Apache Struts servers.

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCbrianwrf/S2-057-CVE-2018-11776
    First seen Aug 28, 2018

    A simple exploit for Apache Struts RCE S2-057 (CVE-2018-11776)

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCEkultek/Strutter
    First seen Aug 27, 2018

    Proof of Concept for CVE-2018-11776

    Open source ↗
  • Exploit-DBEDB-45260
    First seen Aug 26, 2018

    Apache Struts 2.3 < 2.3.34 / 2.5 < 2.5.16 - Remote Code Execution (1)

    Open source ↗
  • Exploit-DBEDB-45262
    First seen Aug 25, 2018

    Apache Struts 2.3 < 2.3.34 / 2.5 < 2.5.16 - Remote Code Execution (2)

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCmazen160/struts-pwn_CVE-2018-11776
    First seen Aug 25, 2018

    An exploit for Apache Struts CVE-2018-11776

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCbhdresh/CVE-2018-11776
    First seen Aug 25, 2018

    Vulnerable docker container for CVE-2018-11776

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCknqyf263/CVE-2018-11776
    First seen Aug 25, 2018

    Environment for CVE-2018-11776 / S2-057 (Apache Struts 2)

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2018-11776?
CVE-2018-11776 is a high vulnerability published on August 22, 2018. Apache Struts versions 2.3 to 2.3.34 and 2.5 to 2.5.16 suffer from possible Remote Code Execution when alwaysSelectFullNamespace is true (either by user or a plugin like Convention Plugin) and then: results are used with no namespace and in same time, its upper package have no or wildcard namespace…
When was CVE-2018-11776 disclosed?
CVE-2018-11776 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on August 22, 2018, with the most recent update on October 27, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2018-11776 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2018-11776 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on November 3, 2021, affecting Apache Struts. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate patching attention.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2018-11776?
CVE-2018-11776 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.1 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0.
Which products are affected by CVE-2018-11776?
CVE-2018-11776 affects Apache Struts. The full affected-products list, including version ranges and fixed versions, is shown in the Affected Packages section of this page.
How do I remediate CVE-2018-11776?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2018-11776, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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