CVE-2016-9841

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2022-05-13. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 5 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2016-10641 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-5f8r-846v-423w (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 7.5%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

inffast.c in zlib 1.2.8 might allow context-dependent attackers to have unspecified impact by leveraging improper pointer arithmetic.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
62
EG Risk 62/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation7.5% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
7.5%
EPSS %ILE
94th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
7.5% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

May 23, 2017

Last Modified

October 8, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Oct 30, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

PSIRT.COM — Product Security Incident Response Team

http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/95131
Web page

oss-security - Re: CVE Request: zlib security issues found during audit

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/12/05/21

Patch Availability(11)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntursync (3.1.1-3ubuntu1.3) @ xenial2026-11-02ubuntu
ubuntulibklibc-dev (2.0.13-4ubuntu0.1) @ noble2026-11-02ubuntu
ubuntulibklibc-dev (2.0.4-8ubuntu1.16.04.4+esm2) @ xenial2026-11-02ubuntu
ubuntuzlib1g-udeb (1:1.2.8.dfsg-2ubuntu4.3) @ xenial2026-11-02ubuntu
redhatjava-1.8.0-ibm-1:1.8.0.5.5-1jpp.1.el6_92017-12-13redhat
redhatjava-1.7.0-oracle-1:1.7.0.161-1jpp.4.el72017-10-24redhat
redhatjava-1.6.0-sun-1:1.6.0.171-1jpp.4.el72017-10-24redhat
redhatjava-1.8.0-oracle-1:1.8.0.151-1jpp.5.el72017-10-23redhat
redhatjava-1.8.0-ibm-1:1.8.0.4.5-1jpp.1.el7_32017-05-10redhat
redhatjava-1.7.1-ibm-1:1.7.1.4.5-1jpp.1.el7_32017-05-10redhat
redhatjava-1.6.0-ibm-1:1.6.0.16.45-1jpp.1.el6_92017-05-10redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(15 across 9 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.5(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
perl—
  • every version up to 5.24.3-r1: fixed in 5.24.3-r1
—
zlib—
  • 1.2.0 up to 1.2.11-r0: fixed in 1.2.11-r0
—
Debian:11(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
rsync—
  • every version up to 3.1.3-6: fixed in 3.1.3-6
—
zlib—
  • every version up to 1:1.2.8.dfsg-4: fixed in 1:1.2.8.dfsg-4
—
Debian:12(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
rsync—
  • every version up to 3.1.3-6: fixed in 3.1.3-6
—
zlib—
  • every version up to 1:1.2.8.dfsg-4: fixed in 1:1.2.8.dfsg-4
—
Debian:13(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
rsync—
  • every version up to 3.1.3-6: fixed in 3.1.3-6
—
zlib—
  • every version up to 1:1.2.8.dfsg-4: fixed in 1:1.2.8.dfsg-4
—
Debian:14(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
rsync—
  • every version up to 3.1.3-6: fixed in 3.1.3-6
—
zlib—
  • every version up to 1:1.2.8.dfsg-4: fixed in 1:1.2.8.dfsg-4
—
Debian:8(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
rsync3.1.1-3, 3.1.1-3+deb8u1
  • every version up to 3.1.1-3+deb8u2: fixed in 3.1.1-3+deb8u2
—
zlib1:1.2.8.dfsg-2
  • every version up to 1:1.2.8.dfsg-2+deb8u1: fixed in 1:1.2.8.dfsg-2+deb8u1
—
Alpine:v3.3(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
zlib—
  • 1.2.0 up to 1.2.11-r0: fixed in 1.2.11-r0
—
Alpine:v3.4(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
zlib—
  • 1.2.0 up to 1.2.11-r0: fixed in 1.2.11-r0
—
Alpine:v3.6(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
perl—
  • every version up to 5.24.3-r1: fixed in 5.24.3-r1
—

Additional Vendor Advisories

(4)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 29× in last 7d / 100× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 269 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 169 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  2. 2026-11-02 12:55 UTCOSV refresh
  3. 2026-11-02 05:38 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-11-02 05:38 UTCVendor advisory
  5. 2026-11-02 05:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  6. 2026-11-01 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  7. 2026-11-01 05:52 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-11-01 05:52 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-11-01 05:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  10. 2026-10-31 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  11. 2026-10-31 06:06 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-31 06:06 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-31 06:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  14. 2026-10-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  15. 2026-10-30 06:17 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-30 06:17 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-10-30 06:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  18. 2026-10-29 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  19. 2026-10-29 06:31 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-29 06:31 UTCVendor advisory
  21. 2026-10-29 06:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  22. 2026-10-28 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  23. 2026-10-28 06:44 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-28 06:44 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-10-28 06:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-27 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  2. 2026-10-27 06:58 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-27 06:58 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-10-27 06:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  5. 2026-10-26 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  6. 2026-10-26 04:01 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-26 04:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  8. 2026-10-25 19:42 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-25 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  10. 2026-10-25 04:15 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-25 04:15 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-25 04:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-10-24 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  14. 2026-10-24 04:29 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-24 04:29 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-10-24 04:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  17. 2026-10-23 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  18. 2026-10-23 04:43 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-23 04:43 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-23 04:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  21. 2026-10-22 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  22. 2026-10-22 04:53 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-22 04:53 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-10-22 04:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-10-21 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  26. 2026-10-21 05:04 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-10-21 05:04 UTCVendor advisory
  28. 2026-10-21 05:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  29. 2026-10-20 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  30. 2026-10-20 05:17 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-10-20 05:17 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-10-20 05:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  33. 2026-10-19 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  34. 2026-10-19 05:28 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-10-19 05:28 UTCVendor advisory
  36. 2026-10-19 05:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  37. 2026-10-18 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  38. 2026-10-18 05:41 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-10-18 05:41 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-10-18 05:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  41. 2026-10-17 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  42. 2026-10-17 05:54 UTCEG score recompute
  43. 2026-10-17 05:54 UTCVendor advisory
  44. 2026-10-17 05:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  45. 2026-10-16 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  46. 2026-10-16 06:05 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-10-16 06:05 UTCVendor advisory
  48. 2026-10-16 06:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  49. 2026-10-15 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  50. 2026-10-15 04:41 UTCEG score recompute
  51. 2026-10-15 04:41 UTCVendor advisory
  52. 2026-10-15 04:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  53. 2026-10-14 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  54. 2026-10-14 00:34 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-10-14 00:34 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-10-14 00:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  57. 2026-10-13 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  58. 2026-10-12 20:39 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-10-12 20:39 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-10-12 20:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  61. 2026-10-12 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  62. 2026-10-12 01:02 UTCEG score recompute
  63. 2026-10-11 13:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  64. 2026-10-10 19:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  65. 2026-10-09 20:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  66. 2026-10-08 22:32 UTCVendor advisory
  67. 2026-10-08 22:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  68. 2026-10-08 21:36 UTCEG score recompute
  69. 2026-10-08 21:36 UTCVendor advisory
  70. 2026-10-08 21:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5f8r-846v-423w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  71. 2026-10-08 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  72. 2026-10-07 23:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  73. 2026-10-06 15:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  74. 2026-10-05 17:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.5% · 94th percentile
  75. 2026-10-04 23:44 UTCOSV refresh

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2016-9841?
CVE-2016-9841 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on May 23, 2017. inffast.c in zlib 1.2.8 might allow context-dependent attackers to have unspecified impact by leveraging improper pointer arithmetic.
When was CVE-2016-9841 made public?
CVE-2016-9841 was made public on September 30, 2016: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, microfocus, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on May 23, 2017. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 8, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2016-9841 actively exploited?
CVE-2016-9841 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 7.5% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (94th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2016-9841?
CVE-2016-9841 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2016-9841?
A fix for CVE-2016-9841 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2016-9841 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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