Nextcloud Server before 9.0.54 and 10.0.1 & ownCloud Server before 9.1.2, 9.0.6, and 8.2.9 suffer from SMB User Authentication Bypass. Nextcloud/ownCloud include an optional and not by default enabled SMB authentication component that allows authenticating users against an SMB server. This backend is implemented in a way that tries to connect to a SMB server and if that succeeded consider the user logged-in. The backend did not properly take into account SMB servers that have any kind of anonymous auth configured. This is the default on SMB servers nowadays and allows an unauthenticated attacker to gain access to an account without valid credentials. Note: The SMB backend is disabled by default and requires manual configuration in the Nextcloud/ownCloud config file. If you have not configured the SMB backend then you're not affected by this vulnerability.
CVE-2016-9463
“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.
Score 8.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2022-05-13. NVD baseline CVSS 8.1; sources differ by 0.0.
Also known asEUVD-2016-10269 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-4r4x-7f2r-2f4c (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
An upstream fix is merged but not yet released — mitigate (WAF / firewall / segmentation) until the release ships, then apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 8.1
- EG Score
- 8.1HIGHmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 38EG Risk 38/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity81% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation4.1% × 40%FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's BOD 26-04 default: no one has published Automatable for this CVE, and CISA treats it as “no” for a CVE not in KEV.SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule, then apply it. - EPSS PROB
- 4.1%
- EPSS %ILE
- 90th
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (8.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 8.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 8.1 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
- EG Likelihood
- 4.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-28). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says. In the directive's words, “Fix on system upgrade” means that, “unless conditions change”, the vulnerability “should be remediated the next time the vulnerable asset receives a scheduled major upgrade or rebuild”: its timelines are “dynamic as facts change”, and a KEV listing shortens them.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule, then apply it.
Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says. In the directive's words, “Fix on system upgrade” means that, “unless conditions change”, the vulnerability “should be remediated the next time the vulnerable asset receives a scheduled major upgrade or rebuild”: its timelines are “dynamic as facts change”, and a KEV listing shortens them.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). Where an input reads “CISA's BOD 26-04 default”, no one has published it for this CVE, and CISA's implementation guidance says: “If “Automatable” and “Technical Impact” information items about a CVE ID are not available and the CVE ID is not in the KEV Catalog, CISA will treat its values as “no” and “total,” respectively, until CISA or a third party provides metadata about the CVE ID. CISA will always provide the Vulnrichment data for a CVE ID listed in the KEV Catalog.” Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
March 28, 2017
Last Modified
June 17, 2026
Advisory Details (8)
Auto-updated Sep 19, 2026commit b85ace6840b8 (nextcloud/apps)
Fix landed in nextcloud/apps commit b85ace6840b8 — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/nextcloud/apps/commit/b85ace6840b8a6704641086bc3b8eb8e81cb2274Operation OwnedCloud: Exploitation and Post-exploitation Persistence - Rhino Security Labs
https://rhinosecuritylabs.com/2016/10/operation-ownedcloud-exploitation-post-exploitation-persistence/commit a0e07b7ddd5a (owncloud/apps)
Fix landed in owncloud/apps commit a0e07b7ddd5a — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/owncloud/apps/commit/a0e07b7ddd5a5fd850a6e07f8457d05b76a300b3commit 5d47e7b52646 (owncloud/apps)
Fix landed in owncloud/apps commit 5d47e7b52646 — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/owncloud/apps/commit/5d47e7b52646cf79edadd78ce10c754290cbb732commit 16cbccfc946c (owncloud/apps)
Fix landed in owncloud/apps commit 16cbccfc946c — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/owncloud/apps/commit/16cbccfc946c8711721fa684d78135ca1fb64791commit decb91fd31f4 (nextcloud/apps)
Fix landed in nextcloud/apps commit decb91fd31f4 — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/nextcloud/apps/commit/decb91fd31f4ffab191cbf09ce4e5c55c67a4087Weakness Classification(2)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 9× in last 7d / 38× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 96 of 184 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 4 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 88 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-11-01 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.1% · 90th percentile
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- 2026-10-29 13:59 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-29 13:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4r4x-7f2r-2f4c · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
- 2026-10-28 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.1% · 90th percentile
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- 2026-10-26 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.1% · 90th percentile
- 2026-10-25 19:42 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-10-22 07:16 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-22 07:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4r4x-7f2r-2f4c · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
- 2026-10-21 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.1% · 90th percentile
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- 2026-10-18 10:44 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-10-13 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.1% · 90th percentile
- 2026-10-12 20:39 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-10-12 01:02 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-10-08 08:35 UTCOSV refresh
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- 2026-09-30 09:18 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-09-18 14:20 UTCOSV refresh
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- 2026-08-30 16:51 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-08-28 21:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 88th percentile
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- 2026-07-23 01:24 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-07-22 14:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.1% · 89th percentile
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Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2016-9463?
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What is the CVSS score of CVE-2016-9463?
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Dependency Blast Radius
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