CVE-2016-8735

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 9.8 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2023-05-12), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8 retained for reference. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild

Also known asEUVD-2022-3642 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-cw54-59pw-4g8c (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • 2,094 internet-facing services (distinct ip:port) on record running an affected version — derived from Shodan data (© Shodan); a patched service can stay counted while its port stays open
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at low mission impact
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 90%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: 2,094

A fix is available — apply it.

Remote code execution is possible with Apache Tomcat before 6.0.48, 7.x before 7.0.73, 8.x before 8.0.39, 8.5.x before 8.5.7, and 9.x before 9.0.0.M12 if JmxRemoteLifecycleListener is used and an attacker can reach JMX ports. The issue exists because this listener wasn't updated for consistency with the CVE-2016-3427 Oracle patch that affected credential types.

Internet exposure · derived from Shodan data

2,094 internet-facing services (distinct ip:port) on record running a version that maps to CVE-2016-8735, in our KEV-Exposure radar’s Shodan-derived sample.

across 86 countries (China, United States, Korea, Republic of, Germany, Japan)top: tomcat
See the KEV-Exposure radar →Derived from Shodan data. Shodan data is owned by Shodan, which holds its copyright (© Shodan). EchelonGraph claims no ownership of it or copyright in it. Aggregate, host-redacted.

How it counts: every 12 hours, when Shodan query credits allow, the radar runs one Shodan query per tracked product, reads up to 100 ip:port services per query, and keeps a service when its banner version matches a CISA-KEV or high-EPSS CVE; a service is dropped when neither a search nor a Shodan InternetDB port re-check has refreshed it for 21 days. A re-check that finds the port still listed by Shodan InternetDB refreshes the service without re-reading the banner, so a patched service can stay counted while its port stays open. A count is a banner-version inference over a sample, not an exploit test and not an internet-wide census, and the unit is a service, not a machine: a machine answering on two ports counts twice.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
99
EG Risk 99/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation100% × 40%
Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Attend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it sooner than your standard update timelines at low mission impact and as soon as possible at medium or high.
EPSS PROB
90%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
90% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Act at medium mission impactAttend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 3 days & forensic triage if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Attend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.

A fix is available. Apply it sooner than your standard update timelines at low mission impact and as soon as possible at medium or high.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 3 days & forensic triage if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

CISA required action“Apply updates per vendor instructions.”

Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://tomcat.apache.org/security-9.html · https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-8735

Published

April 6, 2017

Last Modified

August 25, 2026

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Oct 28, 2026
⚠️ Actively exploited (CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment). Patch available.
Web page

Apache Tomcat® - Apache Tomcat 9 vulnerabilities

http://tomcat.apache.org/security-9.html
Web page

Apache Tomcat® - Apache Tomcat 8 vulnerabilities

http://tomcat.apache.org/security-8.html
Web page

Apache Tomcat® - Apache Tomcat 7 vulnerabilities

http://tomcat.apache.org/security-7.html
Web page

Apache Tomcat® - Apache Tomcat 6 vulnerabilities

http://tomcat.apache.org/security-6.html
Web page

oss-sec: [SECURITY] CVE-2016-8735 Apache Tomcat Remote Code Execution

http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2016/q4/502

Patch Availability(11)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntutomcat6-user (6.0.39-1ubuntu0.1+esm2) @ trusty2026-11-02ubuntu
ubuntulibservlet2.5-java-doc (6.0.45+dfsg-1ubuntu0.1) @ xenial2026-11-02ubuntu
ubuntutomcat6 (6.0.35-1ubuntu3.9) @ precise2026-11-02ubuntu
redhatpatch2017-03-07redhat
redhattomcat-vault-0:1.0.8-9.Final_redhat_2.1.ep7.el72017-03-07redhat
redhattomcat-vault-0:1.0.8-9.Final_redhat_2.1.ep7.el62017-03-07redhat
mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina @ 6.0.48 (fixes < 6.0.48)—ghsa
mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina @ 7.0.73 (fixes >= 7.0.0, < 7.0.73)—ghsa
mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina @ 8.0.39 (fixes >= 8.0.0, < 8.0.39)—ghsa
mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina @ 8.5.7 (fixes >= 8.5.0, < 8.5.7)—ghsa
mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina @ 9.0.0.M12 (fixes >= 9.0.0.M1, < 9.0.0.M12)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(6 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:7(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
tomcat66.0.35-6 ... 6.0.45-1~deb6u1 (15 versions)
  • every version up to 6.0.45+dfsg-1~deb7u3: fixed in 6.0.45+dfsg-1~deb7u3
—
tomcat77.0.28-4 ... 7.0.28-4+deb7u6 (7 versions)
  • every version up to 7.0.28-4+deb7u7: fixed in 7.0.28-4+deb7u7
—
Debian:8(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
tomcat77.0.56-3 ... 7.0.56-3+deb8u5 (6 versions)
  • every version up to 7.0.56-3+deb8u6: fixed in 7.0.56-3+deb8u6
—
tomcat88.0.14-1, 8.0.14-1+deb8u1, 8.0.14-1+deb8u2, 8.0.14-1+deb8u3, 8.0.14-1+deb8u4
  • every version up to 8.0.14-1+deb8u5: fixed in 8.0.14-1+deb8u5
—
Maven(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina9.0.0.M1 ... 9.0.0.M9 (8 versions)
  • every version up to 6.0.48: fixed in 6.0.48
  • 7.0.0 up to 7.0.73: fixed in 7.0.73
  • 8.0.0 up to 8.0.39: fixed in 8.0.39
  • 8.5.0 up to 8.5.7: fixed in 8.5.7
  • 9.0.0.M1 up to 9.0.0.M12: fixed in 9.0.0.M12
—
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina-jmx-remote9.0.0.M1 ... 9.0.0.M9 (8 versions)
  • every version up to 6.0.48: fixed in 6.0.48
  • 7.0.0 up to 7.0.73: fixed in 7.0.73
  • 8.0.0 up to 8.0.39: fixed in 8.0.39
  • 8.5.0 up to 8.5.7: fixed in 8.5.7
  • 9.0.0.M1 up to 9.0.0.M12: fixed in 9.0.0.M12
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(6)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 19× in last 7d / 113× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 941 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 841 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 02:40 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-11-02 02:40 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-02 02:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cw54-59pw-4g8c · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  4. 2026-11-01 08:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cw54-59pw-4g8c · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  5. 2026-11-01 08:46 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-11-01 01:41 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-11-01 01:41 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-31 00:41 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-31 00:41 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-10-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  11. 2026-10-29 23:42 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-29 23:42 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-28 22:43 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-28 22:43 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-27 21:45 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-27 21:45 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-10-27 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  18. 2026-10-26 20:43 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-26 20:43 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-25 19:43 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-25 19:43 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-25 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  23. 2026-10-24 18:43 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-24 18:43 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-10-23 17:44 UTCEG score recompute
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-23 17:44 UTCVendor advisory
  2. 2026-10-22 16:45 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-22 16:45 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-10-21 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  5. 2026-10-21 15:44 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-21 15:44 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-20 14:44 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-20 14:44 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-10-19 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  10. 2026-10-19 13:42 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-19 13:42 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-18 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  13. 2026-10-18 12:43 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-10-18 10:45 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-17 11:42 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-17 11:42 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-10-16 10:41 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-16 10:41 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-10-15 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-10-15 09:40 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-15 09:40 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-14 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  23. 2026-10-14 08:39 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-14 08:39 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-10-13 07:39 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-10-12 20:39 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-10-12 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  28. 2026-10-12 06:40 UTCVendor advisory
  29. 2026-10-12 02:19 UTCVendor advisory
  30. 2026-10-11 21:57 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-10-11 21:57 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-10-11 17:38 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-10-11 17:38 UTCVendor advisory
  34. 2026-10-11 13:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  35. 2026-10-11 13:15 UTCEG score recompute
  36. 2026-10-11 13:15 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-10-11 08:55 UTCVendor advisory
  38. 2026-10-11 04:34 UTCVendor advisory
  39. 2026-10-11 00:13 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-10-10 19:52 UTCVendor advisory
  41. 2026-10-10 15:32 UTCVendor advisory
  42. 2026-10-10 11:11 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-10-10 06:52 UTCVendor advisory
  44. 2026-10-10 02:34 UTCVendor advisory
  45. 2026-10-09 22:15 UTCVendor advisory
  46. 2026-10-09 17:56 UTCVendor advisory
  47. 2026-10-09 13:35 UTCVendor advisory
  48. 2026-10-09 09:16 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-10-09 04:57 UTCVendor advisory
  50. 2026-10-09 00:37 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-10-08 20:19 UTCVendor advisory
  52. 2026-10-08 16:00 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-10-08 11:41 UTCVendor advisory
  54. 2026-10-08 07:22 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-10-08 03:03 UTCEG score recompute
  56. 2026-10-08 03:03 UTCVendor advisory
  57. 2026-10-07 23:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  58. 2026-10-07 22:44 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-10-07 18:25 UTCVendor advisory
  60. 2026-10-07 14:05 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-10-07 09:43 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-10-07 05:24 UTCVendor advisory
  63. 2026-10-07 01:05 UTCVendor advisory
  64. 2026-10-06 20:46 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-10-06 16:28 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-10-06 12:09 UTCVendor advisory
  67. 2026-10-06 07:50 UTCVendor advisory
  68. 2026-10-06 03:31 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-10-06 03:30 UTCVendor advisory
  70. 2026-10-05 23:11 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-10-05 18:51 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-10-05 14:31 UTCVendor advisory
  73. 2026-10-05 10:13 UTCVendor advisory
  74. 2026-10-05 05:53 UTCVendor advisory
  75. 2026-10-05 01:33 UTCVendor advisory

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2016-8735?
CVE-2016-8735 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on April 6, 2017. Remote code execution is possible with Apache Tomcat before 6.0.48, 7.x before 7.0.73, 8.x before 8.0.39, 8.5.x before 8.5.7, and 9.x before 9.0.0.M12 if JmxRemoteLifecycleListener is used and an attacker can reach JMX ports. The issue exists because this listener wasn't updated for consistency…
When was CVE-2016-8735 made public?
CVE-2016-8735 was made public on April 6, 2017: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Apache Software Foundation, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on April 6, 2017. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of August 25, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2016-8735 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2016-8735 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on May 12, 2023, affecting Apache Tomcat. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. A fix is available. Apply it.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2016-8735?
CVE-2016-8735 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
Which products are affected by CVE-2016-8735?
CVE-2016-8735 affects Apache Tomcat. The affected packages EchelonGraph has on record, with version ranges, are listed in the Affected Packages section of this page.
How do I remediate CVE-2016-8735?
A fix for CVE-2016-8735 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

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