The shared memory manager (associated with pre-authentication compression) in sshd in OpenSSH before 7.4 does not ensure that a bounds check is enforced by all compilers, which might allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging access to a sandboxed privilege-separation process, related to the m_zback and m_zlib data structures.
CVE-2016-10012
“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.
Score 7.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2022-05-14. NVD baseline CVSS 7.8; sources differ by 0.0.
Also known asEUVD-2016-1209 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-f4jf-rwp2-rx83 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 7.8
- EG Score
- 7.8HIGHmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 36EG Risk 36/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity78% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation1.3% × 40%FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines. - EPSS PROB
- 1.3%
- EPSS %ILE
- 70th
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (7.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 7.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
- EG Likelihood
- 1.3% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-29). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
January 5, 2017
Last Modified
June 17, 2026
Advisory Details (8)
Auto-updated Oct 12, 2026[SECURITY] [DLA 1500-1] openssh security update
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00010.htmlcommit 3095060f479b (openbsd/src)
Fix landed in openbsd/src commit 3095060f479b — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/openbsd/src/commit/3095060f479b86288e31c79ecbc5131a66bcd2f9The Slackware Linux Project: Slackware Security Advisories
http://www.slackware.com/security/viewer.php?l=slackware-security&y=2016&m=slackware-security.647637oss-security - Announce: OpenSSH 7.4 released
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/12/19/2Vendor Advisories for CVE-2016-10012(1)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
Patch Availability(2)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ubuntu | openssh-server (1:7.5p1-10ubuntu0.1) @ artful | 2026-10-29 | ubuntu |
| redhat | openssh-0:7.4p1-11.el7 | 2017-08-01 | redhat |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(27 across 27 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.10(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.11(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.12(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.13(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.14(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.15(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.16(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.17(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.18(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.19(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.20(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.21(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.22(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.23(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.24(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.3(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.4(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.5(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.6(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.7(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.8(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.9(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Debian:11(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Debian:12(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Debian:13(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Debian:14(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | — |
| — |
Debian:8(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| openssh | 1:6.7p1-5 ... 1:6.7p1-5+deb8u5 (6 versions) |
| — |
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
All Vendor Advisories
(2)
Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 42× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 97 of 196 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 3 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 99 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-11-01 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 70th percentile
- 2026-10-31 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 70th percentile
- 2026-10-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 70th percentile
- 2026-10-29 20:12 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-29 20:12 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-29 20:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f4jf-rwp2-rx83 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
- 2026-10-29 18:55 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-10-29 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-28 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-27 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-26 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-25 19:50 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-25 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-24 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-23 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-22 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-22 08:37 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-22 08:37 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-22 08:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f4jf-rwp2-rx83 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
- 2026-10-21 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-20 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-19 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-18 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-18 10:55 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
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- 2026-10-16 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-15 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-14 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-13 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-12 20:46 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-12 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-12 01:10 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 13:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-10 19:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-09 20:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-08 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-08 11:54 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-10-07 23:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-06 15:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-05 17:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-04 23:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-10-03 14:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
- 2026-09-30 14:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-30 09:09 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-28 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-27 13:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-26 15:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-23 13:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-20 20:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-19 15:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-18 19:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-18 17:36 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-09-17 19:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-15 03:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-13 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-12 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-11 09:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-10 09:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-07 15:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-06 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-04 13:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-02 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-01 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-09-01 03:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-08-30 21:01 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-08-27 14:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-26 14:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-25 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-23 00:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-21 23:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-20 22:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-19 16:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-18 13:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-16 14:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-16 02:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-15 01:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-14 07:46 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-08-12 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-11 13:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-09 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-08 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-07 16:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-06 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-05 19:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-04 15:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-04 10:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-08-01 04:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-07-30 01:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-07-29 15:37 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-07-28 15:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-07-26 14:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-07-25 14:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-07-24 14:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-07-23 14:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 67th percentile
- 2026-07-23 01:21 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-23 00:22 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-22 22:00 UTCEG score recompute
Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)
Same product
10 shownAlpine:v3.3:openssh · Alpine:v3.5:openssh · Alpine:v3.10:openssh
- CVE-2016-10009NVD 7.3EG 7.5EPSS p99HIGH
- CVE-2016-10011EG 6.2MEDIUM
- CVE-2016-10010EG 7.0EPSS p91HIGH
- CVE-2017-15906EG 5.3MEDIUM
- CVE-2018-15473NVD 5.3EG 9.0EPSS p100CRITICAL
- CVE-2019-6111NVD 5.9EG 7.5EPSS p99HIGH
- CVE-2019-6109EG 6.8EPSS p90MEDIUM
- CVE-2018-20685EG 5.3EPSS p90MEDIUM
- CVE-2021-41617EG 7.0HIGH
- CVE-2021-28041EG 7.1HIGH
Same vendor
7 shownredhat:RHSA-2017:2029 · ubuntu:USN-3538-1
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-119
- CVE-2016-10011EG 6.2MEDIUM
- CVE-2016-10160EG 9.8EPSS p94CRITICAL
- CVE-2016-10174EG 9.8 KEVEPSS p100CRITICAL
- CVE-2016-10164EG 9.8EPSS p95CRITICAL
- CVE-2016-10154EG 5.5MEDIUM
- CVE-2016-10190EG 9.8EPSS p95CRITICAL
- CVE-2016-10191EG 9.8EPSS p94CRITICAL
- CVE-2016-10192EG 9.8EPSS p94CRITICAL
- CVE-2016-10207EG 7.5HIGH
- CVE-2016-10092EG 7.8HIGH
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2016-10012?
When was CVE-2016-10012 made public?
Is CVE-2016-10012 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2016-10012?
How do I remediate CVE-2016-10012?
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2016-10012
Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2016-10012?
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